In the dictionary, desegregation means “the elimination of laws, customs, or practics under which different races, groups and are restricted to specific or separate public facilities, neighborhoods, schools and organizations” (dictionary) In the American history, the target of the restriction and separated was black, but they seek and struggle for desegregation for a long time. .
Sources:
"Desegregation." Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com, n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2014
Dudley, Mark E. Brown v. Board of Education(1954): School Desegregation. New York: Twenty-First Century, 1994. Print.
Desegregation based on refusing segregation and against unequal treating. After Lincoln abolished slavery, there were three Constitution Amendment passed which was Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth to protect the blacks’s rights and give their freedom back. But after Lincoln’s death, the blacks’ rights were a big events in the Reconstruction. Many politicians and supremacists thought the blacks were free already and they did enough. Also, most of blacks were illiterate and they did not ask the rights, so many whites debated that blacks did not need those rights. However, if the blacks did not have any documents to protect and could not accept any education, how could they make living by themselves? The whites were selfish and ambitious to control other races under their feet.
Eventually, blacks got their rights which they deserved, and they got equality constitutionally. Racial discrimination was the root of segregation. . Despite there was not segregation, the blacks were isolated. Teenagers did not want to stay with the blacks in the same school. adults did not want to use the same spots with the blacks in the public places; thus segregation gradually started. “By 1900 new laws and old customs created a segregated society that condemned Americans of color to second-class citizenship”(“Separate Is Not Equal”). At the same time, the Court declared “ Separate but Equal” to the blacks. Blacks should be fine with the decision; however, the society at that time was “ Separate but Not Equal”. They lived under a much different circumstance as the whites. For instance, “the Court ruled it was up to plaintiff to prove that he had been refused the vote only because he was black. Kentucky had no law denying the vote to black. White workers simply turned black men away at the poll, no reason given” (Dudley 24 ). The blacks seemed to become contemptible man. They were separated in the public places and business, even their rights were deprived illegally. They lived as an disaster or virus for the whites. The whites went away from them as far as possible. They turned up his nose at blacks, the race. In addition, there was another law to make blacks more insupportable -- Jim Crow. “Jim Crow laws kept blacks out of theaters, hotels, and other facilities. Here, George H. Guy, police chief in McComb, Mississippi, stand[ed] beside a sign at the local bus station that reserves a waiting room for whites only” (Dudley 25)
However, children should be purest in the world, but at that time, everything would be upside-down. White students refused to be in the same school with the blacks; and white schools refused the blacks into their schools. Segregation effected a sense of inferiority to black children. “A psychiatrist presented the results of tests on white and black children that showed both groups thought of segregation as punishment” (Dudley 39). Whoever is black or white, segregation influence children’s normal mind, and maybe it had a good expectation, but children thought of different ways and it really hurt black children pretty harshly. “ Segregation of white and colored children in public schools [had] a detrimental effect upon the colored children” and “ a sense of inferiority affects the motivation of a child to learn” (Dudley 38-39). Inferiority was not like rights or laws could rest or develop. Feeling would change a person essentially, especially a child. Maybe for adults, they did not care that much, but children was their hopes, and they could not stand their kids suffering and treating so bad. The black children was the most victims during the segregation.

In addition, if someone said inferiority was their essential metal illness, quality of school must be representative of education between black and white. According to Judge Waring recalled, he told about schools that “ the white schools... were fairly respectable-looking. In the towns, they were generally of brick and some of them had chimneys, running water... The Negro schools were tumbledown, dirty and shacks with horrible outdoor toilet facilities” (“ Racial Desegregation in Public Education in the U.S” 70). This was from a person who understood the situation of racial discrimination by visiting those schools’ differences. It was shocked him. Can you image when you live in this shabby school and were not allowed into the other wonderful school, what will you feel about that?
At the end of World War II, a new president of the United States, Harry S. Truman “began to abolish segregation in federal civil service positions. Blacks were appointed to high offices for the first time. Returning troops had seen a wide world where discrimination was uncommon. The GI Bill allowed blacks to attend college in record numbers” (Dudley 30). Since from his presidency, desegregation started.
At the end of World War II, a new president of the United States, Harry S. Truman “began to abolish segregation in federal civil service positions. Blacks were appointed to high offices for the first time. Returning troops had seen a wide world where discrimination was uncommon. The GI Bill allowed blacks to attend college in record numbers” (Dudley 30). Since from his presidency, desegregation started.
Sources:
"Desegregation." Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com, n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2014
Dudley, Mark E. Brown v. Board of Education(1954): School Desegregation. New York: Twenty-First Century, 1994. Print.
"Separate Is Not Equal - Brown v. Board of Education." Separate Is Not Equal - Brown v. Board of Education. National Museum of American History, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.
""RACIAL DESEGREGATION IN PUBLIC EDUCATION IN THE U.S." (2000): 1-136. Print.
""RACIAL DESEGREGATION IN PUBLIC EDUCATION IN THE U.S." (2000): 1-136. Print.
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